And myron coloney



, Y j v No @am yeah.

' f LH; MGLEAN in M. GOLNEY i l vAmiel Glad Tyr Feroe.

' A'reNr ilnrr'e JAMES H. MCLEAN, F ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, AND MYRUN UOLONEY, NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT; SAID QOLONEY ASSGNOR T() `SAID ll/ICLEAJ.

.esinonuotno Tensen SPECFATION forming; part of Letters Potent` No. 239,524, dated March 29, 1881..

` Application filed February 13, 1880. i l

To oit whom t; ning; coinern A A represent the exterior wells of' the fortle it known that We, JAMES HENRY Md ress, constructed of suliicient thickness and LEAN, M. l., and l'YRONUoLONEY, both citistrength to resist the exterior pressure ot' witter zensotthe United Sintes,residnigrcspectively und the attacks ot' torpedoes. .lhe entire vexzit St. Louis, Missouri, ond New Haven, Conteriorabove thewater, and fore sutiioientdis- 5 5 nectieut, here invented new and useful Imtance below the surface, is protected bynrmor proveniente in ArmoeUlnd Tui-reis, ofwhich B, consisting,r otplntes presentededgewise, ond the following is .i specicnlion. preferably connected together by transverse The subject ofv our invention is n dealing' bolts, as illustratcdin Figui); butinnsmuch os Io ibrtress adopted to be moved from place to it is iinprzicticnble without exposure et' the 6o place by tues or other means of propulsion, fastenings, tosurround the ent-irc fortress with und lodged in position by the admission of' plates secured together by bolts in this man# witter to its ilotntioirehninbers, so ns to lower ner, when ny point is reached in the progress of it to the bottom where 'the Water is not too the work Where there is no longer room toliudeep, and where the water is deep tolower it sert the boltsy C, we employ key-plates B', 65- beyond the rench ot' torpedoes, when it is fixed formed withtongues b sind grooves b2, as illusiu position, by means ot' anchors of :my pretmted in Fig. Il, which are inserted to close terred form, which ina-y be raised or lowered nt" the g'np'between the first armor-plates B B. will, in chnmbersetthe fourcorners ot' thei'or"- I) D represent plates ot' rubber or otherelns- 'izo rees, or any other suitable places. tio material, interposed between the orinor- 7o The invention consists, tiret, in the combiplates B B for thepurposc ot' renderingfthe nation et' nn outer stationery turret und on entire armor rcsilientunder theimioet of proinnerreyolringturret,eshereinnfterdescribed. jeotiles. Y The invention further consists in the con` Theinterior oi' the fortress consists otnny `struction of o port-stopper, with n. pnir of osdesirable number ol' stories or decks, E E E, oillntingjnws, monntedin the outer stationary und beneath the lower deck nre Water-tight turret, and opened and closed nntoniuticolly compartments F lf F, furnished with valves by the revolution ot' the inner turret.-` `G, opera-ted by rods Il from one ol the upper The invention further relutes to a device for deoks ,`so that water moy lic-admitted tonnyde- 3@ arresting the operation ot' the portlstoppers siroble number ofthe compartments, while it. 3o when required. is excluded from the others by the tight bulkome ot' our improvements nre opinion-blc to lie-,ids between 'them und the independent stationery und permanent, es Well es to port valves with which the compartments :ire renele, forte, Y Y spectively furnished. l ln order that our invention may bfe more H/H represent pumps for expelling thewfi- 85 clearly understood, We will proceed to describe ter from nny or all of the compartments, when itwith reference to the accompanying' drnwdesired. By this menus the entire-[fortress ings, in Whichi. moy be lowered or raised in the Waiter ns re Figure i is n vertical `section ot'n portion ot quired, ond retained ni. nnydesired depth of 4o o, floutingi fortress, illustrating' the iirstpzir't of immersion. Where the water is not too deep, 9o the invention. Fig. 2 is o perspective View, on it may be inode to settle on the bottom for uc- :Llarger scnle,ot'o. portion ofthe owner-plating tion. There thewuiter is deep it is to be lownnd itsbncking. l Fig. 3 is o. perspective view ered to the required depth ond there retained of the tongued :ind groorcd key-plate. Fig. 4- by anchors I, which occupy chmnbersl :it the is :i detnilview, illustrntintr the inode of operlour corners or other desirable ports ot' the 95 ating the port-Stoppers. Fig. 5 is :i perspecfortress, oinlnrerznsed orlowercd, :is required, tive ot' :i lichting;` fortress,illustrating the inby chains J :ind windlnsses K. lnstend ot' volition. Figiisn-sectionolview,iiinstrntint;l anchors I, ot ordinnry construction, we usc, the application oi' the inrcnticin to the con- ,when preferred, peg-onchors, simply driven 5o struction oisinionory loris. i down vertically, :is shown' :it l. 10o

l 4 s'amseej L represent stationary turrets, of which i' there-"may be two orfmore on-the ,summitfof 'eachf'fort, said turretsl being constructed or covered'with armor-plating arranged edgewise y to the exterior, as already described, andbein'g provided with 'any desirable number of portl holes, l, protected -by port7stoppers,eacl1 c onsisting of apair of-jaws,.1"P, geared together by pinions so that-they may be'made to operatein unison to open and vclose the ports as l required. Withineach ot'- 't-he stationary tur- "lfre'ts'ihisarevolvingiturret'M, provided with one, two, or :more breechJoading ,gujis, N, of thelheuviest caliber. l

ifi-5h Orey yresents the vertical shaft of the revolvi ng.tul;ret,,which rests in a step, o, and is re- "lvolvedbygearing in customary manner.

' 1 liet-represents the usual antifriction wheels or rollers on which the turret rests."

zo When the turret M is' thus rotated the lstopper@ ,P l? willopen and closeuutomatically, on'the approachof either ofthe guns N to tiring position,by means ot'cogs Q on the revolving turret, engaging with a loose pinion. r, which 2 5 transmits motion to a toothed wheel; gli, gearing withone of the' pinions p in such-u manner as yto turn the jaws into open Positionen the approach ofthe gun, and so hold them as long vas the gonfie-in position for iring, after 3o which they are released and `closedby springs, -when they'xnay be -automatically locked by.

l f eatches` of simple constrllotiomlo hereleasedA bythe rotationof the,turret. The pinion fr is carried by a lever, B', pivoted concentrically with the wheel n, annexed in any positiever a clamp-screw, R, so that the pinion may be `'mo ve1 .ont of reach of .theteeth Q or placed so 3'. to be engaged thereby, 11's eqllifedf In the upper storyof the fort, below the tura rets L M, we arrange any desirable number of magazine b'attery-guns, as shown at S, so as to deliver theirilre through suitable port-holes.

In applying our improvement to the conf."

Istruct-ion of permanent fortifications we place behind the armor-plates B a hackin, of broken granite, as shown at' U U. Such ,backing may also be appl-'red in a lloating fortress by the'addition ot' an inner casing orthin wall of iron plates.

5e Two hundred feet square will be a suitable size'for our floating fortress, which may be 'provided with a central turret one hundred -feet in diameter, inclosin g an inner revolving turret titty feet in diameter; or, if preferred, j --tw0 or more smaller double lturrets may be used in thesdes o'r corners of the fortress. g

'opened and closed by the rotating inner turret, asset forth.

Itis believed 'th a fortress of th'isconr 'stnuctioncnnberna"- e impreguable-hy covering its upper-,.workswith suitable armor-plate., ing to asuticient distance'below the lv'wwa- .6o ter line, with the edgewise plates B B, sixfeet "I in thickness.- 'The structures will he proof against` torpedoes, because whenyn yaction they will usually cornetoaanchor inV water too shallow to admit-ofthe fortressfbeing com- ,65'

pletely submerged/whilethe two hundred feetl 'square of -iron bottomwould'aiorda solid' foundntionto tliefo'rtress. f "Wereitfeven 'pos-' 'sible that it." could be-.sunkby'a torpedojit" would be practically impossible vfor the tor 7o' pedo .to-.approach the fortress from beneath, and suchparts of the sides as 'are not proytectefd byv adequate armor-plating would be rendered practically nvulnerable by the wa- 'ter backing contained in the compartments 7 5 'frming n resistance equalto that of thesur- ,rounding water, in' which theexploding tor- 'pedo would operate. v'-lhe double' turrets possess great practical I value in preventing the disablugxpt' the re- 8e.

-volving turret; also, in protecting,r the. occupants from the stunning eiect ,of the impact of heavy projectiles, und from the su'ocating gas, which is encounteredin working guns in; v The heavy gun fits snugly in its embrasure vin .the inner turret, with only a peep-.holey for sighting-the muzzle projectinginto the space between the inner and outer turrets. Having thus described our invention, the 9o following is what we claim as new therein and `desire-to secure by Letters Patent:

i- 1. An outer stationary turret .and an inner revolving turret," combined v-substantially as herein described.

95 2. Aporhstopp'er consisting of jaws Vor rollers l? P, curved as shown, in combination with arcvolyi'ig inner turret, and adapted to be v 

